Military veterans with a service-connected disability rating of 10% or more are often eligible to receive VA disability compensation benefits.
Veterans may be eligible to receive a higher compensation rate if they are rated at 30% or higher and have one or more dependents, including a spouse, child, or parent, in their care. Veterans with a service-connected disability rating of 20% or lower are not generally eligible for additional payments, except in limited circumstances.
The status of your dependents is recorded by the VA when they process your initial disability compensation claim. Still, they are not able to automatically make changes to your dependent’s status.
It is up to you to notify the VA when something changes that affects the eligibility of your dependents. This can include adding or removing one or more dependents from your VA disability compensation benefits.
Some reasons for these changes in dependents’ status include:
- a birth
- adoption
- death
- marriage or divorce
- A child no longer being eligible due to age restrictions, marriage, or other restrictions
- adding a parent to your claim
- etc.
When these changes occur, you need to contact the VA with this information so they can update your file.
Remember, this may either increase or decrease your compensation rate, and in some cases, the benefits will be back-dated to the effective date. This can result in an overpayment in which the recipient has received more money than they were eligible for, or they could receive a higher one-time payment to make up for the shortfall.
The sooner you notify the VA, the better. It’s also important to note that when adding a child due to a birth or adoption, you must wait until you have their Social Security Number before filing your claim. So you may need to wait a couple of months from the time of birth before you can add your new dependent.
Change Declaration of Status of Dependents for VA Compensation Benefits
There are two ways to change the status of your dependents:
- Paper via VA Form: VA Form 21-686c, Declaration of Status of Dependents, or VA Form 21-674, Request for Approval of School Attendance for dependents over age 18 and attending school, or VA Form 21-509 – Statement of Dependency of Parent(s), and
- Electronically via eBenefits.
1. Paper Forms:
VA Form 21-686c, Declaration of Status of Dependents.
VA Form 21-686c is a two page paper form, which according to the VA, should take approximately 15 minutes to fill out. The form is fairly straight forward, and requests the standard information, such as the veteran’s personal information and VA File number, marriage status, information regarding your unmarried children, including their name, SSN, age, schooling status, etc. Then you simply need to sign the form and mail it in to the VA center which handles your claim. You can download this form here: VA Form 21-686c (pdf).
VA Form 21-674, Request for Approval of School Attendance.
This form is used when your dependent child(ren) are over age 18, and are attending school. Child dependents are ineligible to be claimed past age 18 unless they are attending a qualified school, or they have special needs. You can download this form here: VA Form 21-674 (pdf).
VA Form 21-509, Statement of Dependency of Parent(s).
Use this form if you are a veteran with a service connected disability rating of 30% or higher and you support your parents. Eligible relations include a natural father or mother, a father or mother through adoption, and a foster father or mother (including stepparents who stood in the relationship of parent to the veteran). There are financial restrictions for parents to be eligible. You can download this form here: VA Form 21-509 (pdf).
2. eBenefits Website.
The VA is making an effort to move more features and services online, which is faster and less costly in the long run. This is where the eBenefits.va.gov website comes in to play. Veterans can now use eBenefits to apply for VA compensation, pension, education, vocational rehabilitation and employment, burial benefits, and more. Veterans can also use this online tool to update the status of their dependents, file claims for increases in service-connected disabilities, add disabilities, and more.
Questions about submitting online forms:
Should I file a paper form and via eBenefits?
- No – choose one or the other. The electronic form may be processed more quickly, provided all the information is complete. Otherwise, there is no difference between the forms, and submitting multiple claims can delay the process.
How do I sign it?
- Some forms require veterans to certify the information they entered is accurate – this serves as your signature. VA Form 21-686c is included in this list of forms which can be “electronically” signed.
How do I follow up with my claim?
- The VA automatically sends an e-mail when they receive your claim, and another when your claim is downloaded and the claim is being processed. The information includes your name, date of submission, and which regional VA office received your form (including their contact information). You should contact the regional VA center which is processing your claim for more information or updates on the status of your claim.
More Information:
I can’t stress enough how important it is to file these changes as soon as they occur. The last thing you want to happen is to receive an overpayment to your VA compensation benefits for several months, only to have the money deducted from future payments.
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Deborah says
So my husband left us in 2017 and we have not filed for divorce yet. He has our kids 20% of the time. Should he still me claiming us as dependents?
Rachael says
So I’ve been 80 percent since 2011 when I was medically retired. I never knew about adding a spouse or a child til last month. Behind, I know but that’s done. So last week I added my husband of 10 years and my son who is now 18 months. They have been added under the dependents part of ebenefits but it says they are not on an award. What exactly does that mean? Will I get any benefits for them? Is it just because it takes a couple weeks or are they defintely not being counted towards the award? It’s so confusing. Thank you!
Ryan Guina says
Hello Rachael, It can take the VA quite some time to verify dependents and add them to your award. I have heard that it is fastest when adding them via the eBenefits site, but it can still take several weeks. The VA will usually award back pay to the date they are added to your profile. That said, you can call the VA to inquire about the process and verify they have all the required information. I wish you the best, and thank you for your service.
Ally says
My husband and I have been separated for several months. One day he decoded he no longer wants to be a family and moved across country. He does not pay any child support, nor does he provide the kids with health insurance, and frankly, I don’t want anything from him. However, I know that he has not updated the VA and continues to receive his full 80% that includes compensation for a spouse and our kids. When I contacted the VA, a very rude individual told me to fill out a form that was basically about my income and had nothing to do with the reason I was calling. I do not want any money but I also don’t want this man to abuse the system by collecting funds that he is not entitled to. Any advice? Thank you.
Ryan Guina says
Hello Ally, I’m not sure the correct way to handle this, other than to contact the VA customer service again. Try calling again if you get another rude customer service agent.
I wish you and your family the best.
Ally says
Thank you Ryan.